Please choose one of the major glands from the Endocrine System from chapter 6 on. 99 table 6-5 to research and give information on that system. Your research paper must be 250 words or more. Please site all sources, this assignment will be due by Friday.No excuses or exceptionsCHAPTER 6 General Anatomy and Physiology
99
Importance to the Dental Assistant
patient. Patients often fear going to the dentist because they
Understanding its structure and how the nervous system works
will help the dental assistant work with the dentist and the
assume it will be a physically painful experience. Anesthesia
blocks patients’ pain and makes dental procedures possible.
Dental assistants must know the nerves in the face and oral cav-
ity to effectively assist the dentist during the administration of
anesthetic
, as well as during many types of surgical procedures.
Dental team members sometimes experience physical problems
themselves, especially with the sciatic nerve located in the lower
back and traveling down the back of the thigh. This is due to the
positions they must hold for long periods of time.
Endocrine System and
Reproductive System
Functions of the Endocrine System
The endocrine system, like the nervous system, is a rol
and communication system. The nervous system acts rápidly
to transmit stimuli, whereas the endocrine system is much
slower and the results are longer lasting. The nervous system
and the endocrine system are connected because the nervous
system controls the pituitary gland and this gland controls
the other glands. The endocrine system generally controls the
body’s growth; protects the body in stressful situations; con-
trols development of sex characteristics; regulates utilization
of calcium; aids in regulating the body’s water balance; and
produces insulin, which aids in the transport of glucose into
cells (Table 6-5).
Common Diseases of the Nervous
System
Neuritis is the inflammation of nerves. It may be the result
of a fall or blow and can affect one or more nerves in the
body. The term neuritis is also used when describing nerve
tissue degeneration.
. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease that usually appears
in people aged 20 to 40. This disease destroys the myelin
sheath of neurons in the CNS. When this happens, impulses
cannot be transmitted to their destinations.
• Parkinson’s disease is a chronic nervous disease character-
ized by slowly spreading tremors, muscular weakness, and
a peculiar gait.
• Bell’s palsy is a sudden onset of facial paralysis.
Parts of the Endocrine System
The endocrine system is made of glands spread throughout
the body (Figure 6-11). They are grouped according to struc-
tures and interrelated functions. These glands produce secre-
tions and are ductless-there is no tube for secretions from
the glands to pass through, so the secretions empty directly
into the bloodstream and circulate throughout the body.
These secretions are called hormones. Hormones are released
from the endocrine glands. Hormones control the internal
environment of the body from the cellular to the organ level.
They are analogous to the furnaces and thermostats in our
homes. We set the thermostat to a particular temperature,
and when the temperature falls below that temperature, the
TABLE 6-5 Major Glands of the Endocrine System
al
Pituitary
the
Examples of Hormones
Gland
Main Function(s)
Produced
Master gland that releases hormones, which affect the Growth hormone and thyroid
workings of other glands.
stimulation hormone
Thyroid
Increases metabolic rate, which affects both mental and Thyroxin
physical activities. Needed for normal growth.
Parathyroid
Increases the level of calcium in the blood. Regulates the Parathyroid hormone
calcium between bone and blood.
Releases the fight or flight hormone, which increases Cortisol and adrenalin
heart rate and blood pressure and aids in the metabo-
lism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats during stress.,
Pancreas (Islets of Langerhans) Produces hormones, including insulin and glucagon.
Insulin
Responsible for the development of male sex
Testosterone
characteristics.
Responsible for the development of female sex
Estrogen and progesterone
characteristics.
ear-
Adrenal
minal
Testes
m the
Ovaries
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